{"id":3602,"date":"2025-10-28T13:30:07","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T13:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/?post_type=journal_article&#038;p=3602"},"modified":"2025-10-28T13:30:12","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T13:30:12","slug":"impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria","status":"publish","type":"journal_article","link":"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/","title":{"rendered":"Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a><strong>Nzeagwu, Chinonyerem Emmanuel<sup>1*<\/sup> &amp; Okoye Nkiruka Cecilia<\/strong><\/a><strong><sup>2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/sup><\/strong><strong><\/strong><em><sup>1&amp;2<\/sup>Department of Accountancy, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Nigeria<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study examined impact of biological assets on the valuation of Agricultural firms in Nigeria. Biological assets are subject to high market price fluctuations resulting from the influence of the economy, climate, diseases, pests, etc. More so, previous discussions on fair value valuation have gathered critics and defenders. Some parties believe that farm accounting benefits investors while others believe it hurts investors. The study specifically examined the effect of; biological assets measurement of property, plant and equipment and biological assets measurement of biological assets in form of long term loan or debenture on return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. Five research questions and hypotheses were developed in line with the specific objectives. The study adopts an ex-post facto research design. The population of the study comprises all five (5) agriculture firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group as of 31st December 2023. Out of these, four (4) firms were selected and used as the sample for the study. The analysis revealed that the measurement of biological assets under property, plant, and equipment has a positive and significant effect on the return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. It further showed that biological assets in the form of long-term loans or debentures also have a positive and significant effect on return on assets. Based on these findings, the study recommends that firms in the agricultural, food, and beverage sectors focus on refining their measurement practices related to biological assets. This includes adopting advanced and accurate methods to assess the impact of these assets on property, plant and equipment, long-term financing, investments, and intangible assets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Keywords<\/strong>: Biological Assets; Valuation; Agricultural Firms; Fair Value; Long-term Loan; Debenture; Return on Assets; Nigeria<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Citation:<\/em><\/strong> Nzeagwu, C. E. &amp; Okoye, N. C. (2025). Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria<em>. European Review in Accounting and Finance, 9(2), 1-13. <a>DOI<\/a>: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.17465453\"><em>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.17465453<\/em><\/a><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Copyright:<\/em><\/strong> \u00a92025 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"template":"","journal_article_cats":[159],"class_list":["post-3602","journal_article","type-journal_article","status-publish","hentry","journal_article_cat-vol-9-no-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.2 (Yoast SEO v26.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria - European Review in Accounting and Finance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The study examined impact of biological assets on the valuation of Agricultural firms in Nigeria. Biological assets are subject to high market price fluctuations resulting from the influence of the economy, climate, diseases, pests, etc. More so, previous discussions on fair value valuation have gathered critics and defenders. Some parties believe that farm accounting benefits investors while others believe it hurts investors. The study specifically examined the effect of; biological assets measurement of property, plant and equipment and biological assets measurement of biological assets in form of long term loan or debenture on return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. Five research questions and hypotheses were developed in line with the specific objectives. The study adopts an ex-post facto research design. The population of the study comprises all five (5) agriculture firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group as of 31st December 2023. Out of these, four (4) firms were selected and used as the sample for the study. The analysis revealed that the measurement of biological assets under property, plant, and equipment has a positive and significant effect on the return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. It further showed that biological assets in the form of long-term loans or debentures also have a positive and significant effect on return on assets. Based on these findings, the study recommends that firms in the agricultural, food, and beverage sectors focus on refining their measurement practices related to biological assets. This includes adopting advanced and accurate methods to assess the impact of these assets on property, plant and equipment, long-term financing, investments, and intangible assets.Keywords: Biological Assets; Valuation; Agricultural Firms; Fair Value; Long-term Loan; Debenture; Return on Assets; Nigeria\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The study examined impact of biological assets on the valuation of Agricultural firms in Nigeria. Biological assets are subject to high market price fluctuations resulting from the influence of the economy, climate, diseases, pests, etc. More so, previous discussions on fair value valuation have gathered critics and defenders. Some parties believe that farm accounting benefits investors while others believe it hurts investors. The study specifically examined the effect of; biological assets measurement of property, plant and equipment and biological assets measurement of biological assets in form of long term loan or debenture on return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. Five research questions and hypotheses were developed in line with the specific objectives. The study adopts an ex-post facto research design. The population of the study comprises all five (5) agriculture firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group as of 31st December 2023. Out of these, four (4) firms were selected and used as the sample for the study. The analysis revealed that the measurement of biological assets under property, plant, and equipment has a positive and significant effect on the return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. It further showed that biological assets in the form of long-term loans or debentures also have a positive and significant effect on return on assets. Based on these findings, the study recommends that firms in the agricultural, food, and beverage sectors focus on refining their measurement practices related to biological assets. This includes adopting advanced and accurate methods to assess the impact of these assets on property, plant and equipment, long-term financing, investments, and intangible assets.Keywords: Biological Assets; Valuation; Agricultural Firms; Fair Value; Long-term Loan; Debenture; Return on Assets; Nigeria\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"European Review in Accounting and Finance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-28T13:30:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/\",\"name\":\"Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria - European Review in Accounting and Finance\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-28T13:30:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-28T13:30:12+00:00\",\"description\":\"The study examined impact of biological assets on the valuation of Agricultural firms in Nigeria. Biological assets are subject to high market price fluctuations resulting from the influence of the economy, climate, diseases, pests, etc. More so, previous discussions on fair value valuation have gathered critics and defenders. Some parties believe that farm accounting benefits investors while others believe it hurts investors. The study specifically examined the effect of; biological assets measurement of property, plant and equipment and biological assets measurement of biological assets in form of long term loan or debenture on return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. Five research questions and hypotheses were developed in line with the specific objectives. The study adopts an ex-post facto research design. The population of the study comprises all five (5) agriculture firms listed on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group as of 31st December 2023. Out of these, four (4) firms were selected and used as the sample for the study. The analysis revealed that the measurement of biological assets under property, plant, and equipment has a positive and significant effect on the return on assets of agricultural firms in Nigeria. It further showed that biological assets in the form of long-term loans or debentures also have a positive and significant effect on return on assets. Based on these findings, the study recommends that firms in the agricultural, food, and beverage sectors focus on refining their measurement practices related to biological assets. This includes adopting advanced and accurate methods to assess the impact of these assets on property, plant and equipment, long-term financing, investments, and intangible assets.Keywords: Biological Assets; Valuation; Agricultural Firms; Fair Value; Long-term Loan; Debenture; Return on Assets; Nigeria\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/\",\"name\":\"European Review in Accounting and Finance\",\"description\":\"\",\"alternateName\":\"DEQE PUBLICATIONS\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria - European Review in Accounting and Finance","description":"The study examined impact of biological assets on the valuation of Agricultural firms in Nigeria. 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This includes adopting advanced and accurate methods to assess the impact of these assets on property, plant and equipment, long-term financing, investments, and intangible assets.Keywords: Biological Assets; Valuation; Agricultural Firms; Fair Value; Long-term Loan; Debenture; Return on Assets; Nigeria","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/deqepub.org\/eraf\/journal_article\/impact-of-biological-assets-on-the-valuation-of-agricultural-firms-in-nigeria\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Impact of Biological Assets on the Valuation of Agricultural Firms in Nigeria","og_description":"The study examined impact of biological assets on the valuation of Agricultural firms in Nigeria. 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